Superball one (data x)	Superball two (data y)
b1	63	47
b2	65	77
b3	66	76
b4	68	74
b5	69	75
b6	69	71
b7	70	68
b8	70	72
b9	71	83
b10	71	80
n	10	10
mean	68.2	72.3
st dev	2.7	9.89
mean diff	4.1
c	0.95
α	0.05
tc	2.26
se	3.24
E	7.33
1	-3.23 < µ <11.43	ci includes zero, includes no difference as possibility. Not significant
2	Yes
3	No
4	0.23	p-value > 0.05: not significant.
5	No
6	Fail to reject
7	No
	Maximum confidence of difference
	0.77
	Difference in the means not significant	Difference in the means significant
	[Either pairwise or for independent samples]
Confidence interval approach	Zero is in the confidence interval for the difference of the means	Zero is not in the confidence interval for the mean difference
alpha α	Our willingness to risk rejecting a true null hypothesis
P-value approach	p-value is greater than alpha	p-value is less than alpha
Max c	max c is less than 1-α	max c is greater than 1-α
result	fail to reject the null hypothesis	reject the null hypothesis
Difference is real?	No	yes
Change is real?	No	yes
statistically significant?	No	yes
If type I risk is 0.05	p-value > 0.05	p-value < 0.05